The term Silicium identifies the single atom of the element described by the formula / abbreviation Si. It is rarely present in soils in this pure form; mostly derives from silicate clay minerals, such as kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4) or from aluminosilicates such as potassium feldspar (KAlSi3O8). The predominant form in the soils is silicic acid, Si(OH)4.
It has been shown that Silicium is absorbed by the roots as silicic acid and deposited as Silicium Oxide (SiO2) in the cell walls of plants. Recently it has been demonstrated a clear active type transport of Silicium in rice through the ascending sap. In addition to determining a significant improvement in the photosynthetic capacity (with relative production of reserve carbohydrates and consequently other substances useful for plants) and in the antioxidant system of plants, this element favors a faster and stronger activation of the genetic defenses and enzymatic type within the considered species.
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