Strong mineral base having the formula K2O, which at environmental temperature appears as a colorless crystalline solid. It is formed from the bond between oxygen (the most electronegative element which has valence two) and potassium (which has a valence electron). In contact with water, it reacts violently forming potassium hydroxide, a corrosive and highly irritating compound. Potassium (K) is found in plant organisms in high quantities, but is not found as a constituent of particular organic compounds. This element favors the formation of lignin and the development of meristematic tissues; promotes the synthesis of carbohydrates, the organization of nitrogen and protein metabolism; regulates water absorption and transpiration of the plant. From an agronomic point of view, potassium increases resistance to cold and improves the qualitative (color, flavor, consistency and shelf life) and organoleptic aspects. Unlike other elements, potassium is found in the soil essentially in mineral form, bound to clays and other silicates, therefore not completely usable for plant nutrition.
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